QUESTION OF THE WEEK 6 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

QUESTION OF THE WEEK 6 - Essay Example It means unlike, Montreal, the major population of Los Angeles is Los Angeles born population. The total area of Los Angeles is 469 square miles while the total area of Metropolitan area of Montreal is 1,644  sq  miles. The population density of Los Angeles was 7,876.9/km2 whereas; the population density of Montreal was 4,439/km2. The birth rate, death rate and natural increase rate in Montreal according to the Census 2001, are 11%, 8.3% and 2.7% respectively. The death rate of Los Angeles in 2001 was very closer to Montreal death rate which was 7.03% (Department of Health Services). The average age of the women during fertility was 29.9 whereas; the fertility rate was 1.4%. The life expectancy of the people born between 2000 and 2001 was 76.6 for males and 82 for females. Interestingly, in Montreal the number of immigrant immigrated before 1991 (406,770) is higher as compared to those immigrated between 1991 and 2001 (215,120). According to Census 2000, the percentage of immigrants living in Los Angeles declined from 6.8% to 4.9% in 2000 as compared to overall US immigrated-population which increased from 14 million to 31 million (Light). Therefore, like Montreal, Los Angeles, also faced a decline in immigrants during this period. The mobility status of Montreal shows that around 172,535 people moved within the same territory (changed their addresses) and 48,135 entered into Montreal from other provinces, territories or countries. Median family income in 2000 was Canadian $72,175 in Montreal while the median family income in Los Angeles in 2000 was US $36,687. Since the exchange rate of US and Canadian dollar is not very significant therefore, it can be analysed that people in Montreal used to have high median income almost double than median income of Los Angeles. The median age of both sexes in Montreal was 37.9, in which median age for males was 36.8 and median age for women was 39.0. Majority of population is above 15 (1,814,170)

Legal Aspects of Business Decisions Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Legal Aspects of Business Decisions - Essay Example This analysis forces courts to consider the pro-competitive effects of the restraint as well as its anticompetitive effects. Certain categories of restraints to be illegal per se: that is, they are conclusively presumed to be unreasonable and therefore illegal. For those types of restraints, the court does not have to go any further in its analysis than to recognize the type of restraint, and the plaintiff does not have to show anything other than that the restraint occurred. Three elements must be alleged to sustain a cause of action under section 1 of the Sherman Act, 15 U.S.C. 1 (1982): a contract, combination or conspiracy; a restraint of trade; and an effect on interstate commerce. Weiss v. York Hospital, 745 F.2d 786, 812 (3d Cir.1984), cert. denied, 470 U.S. 1060, 105 S.Ct. 1777, 84 L.Ed.2d 836 (1985). Restraints of trade can be classified as horizontal or vertical. A horizontal agreement is one involving direct competitors at the same level in a particular industry, and a vertical agreement involves participants who are not direct competitors because they are at different levels. Thus, a horizontal agreement can be among manufacturers or retailers or wholesalers, but it does not involve participants from across the different groups.